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Brief History
Mongolia is an ancient country with rich history.
Archaeological findings show that the earliest
traces of man's activity on the territory of Mongolia
date from the lower Paleolithic, 100,000-200,000
years ago. Following the early primitive communal
era, the people of this steppe land, speaking
a Turkic language, lived in scattered tribes that
stretched from the Gobi deep into the Siberian
taiga. Despite Mongolia's short summers, wheat
growing has co-existed for thousands of years
with nomadic herding, which the Mongols took up
after they tamed horses, yaks and camels.
Hun States
In 209 BC, the Huns, who were by origin from ancient
nomadic tribes such as Xianyu, Xianyung, Hun yi
and Di, set up the first state in Central Asia.
Their territory was vast and extended to the Great
Wall in the South, the Lake of Baikal in the North,
Hingan Hills in the East and Erchis river in the
West. The State maintained wide diplomatic, cultural
and trade relations with the neighboring countries.
In the middle of the first century AD the Hun
State split into North and South. The Southern
Huns established within the Great Wall the states
of Han and Xia, which existed until the 10th century,
while the Northern Huns migrated to East Europe
and settled down there by the 4th-5th centuries
AD.
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